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Condition Guide

Leukemia

The most common blood cancer in children

Medically reviewed by: Dr. Ajay Kumar Jha
Last updated: 2026-08-13
Sources: Nepal Medical Association, WHO, American Society of Hematology

What is Leukemia?

Leukemia is a cancer of the blood-forming tissues, including the bone marrow and lymphatic system. It is the most common cancer in children, but highly treatable when diagnosed early.

Warning Signs

  • Pale skin
  • Frequent nosebleeds
  • Swollen gums
  • Prolonged bleeding from minor cuts
  • Fever and night sweats
  • Swelling in abdomen

When to Consult

Childhood leukemia progresses quickly. Any combination of the above symptoms lasting more than a week warrants immediate pediatric hematology consultation.

How We Diagnose

Peripheral blood smear, bone marrow aspiration, immunophenotyping, and cytogenetic analysis. Dr. Jha uses advanced diagnostic protocols to classify leukemia accurately.

Treatment Approach

Multi-agent chemotherapy protocols tailored to risk stratification. Supportive care includes infection prevention, transfusion support, and nutritional management.

Dr. Ajay Kumar Jha's Expertise

Dr. Jha has managed all major subtypes of childhood and adult leukemia, achieving high remission rates through protocol-based treatment.

Frequently Asked Questions

The main types are Acute Lymphoblastic (ALL), Acute Myeloid (AML), Chronic Lymphocytic (CLL), and Chronic Myeloid (CML). ALL is most common in children.
Yes, childhood ALL has cure rates exceeding 80% with modern treatment protocols. Early diagnosis and adherence to treatment are crucial.
Exact causes are often unknown. Risk factors include genetic predisposition, previous chemotherapy/radiation, and certain genetic disorders like Down syndrome.

Need a consultation?

Dr. Ajay Kumar Jha is available for appointments. Get expert care for your child or blood disorder.

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